Agarwood Plantation

AGARWOOD (Aquilaria agallocha)

Agarwood Tree

Agarwood, known for its rich fragrance and rarity, is one of the most valuable natural materials globally. It is widely used as a raw material for incense, perfumes, and traditional medicines, with high demand across the Middle East and East Asia.

Due to the scarcity of naturally infected Aquilaria trees, artificial agarwood-inducing techniques have been developed. To conserve this endangered species, mass plantation of Aquilaria has become the most sustainable and profitable method of production.

Also known as: “Wood of God”
Family: Thymelaeaceae
Origin: South East Asia

Key Information - Agarwood

  • Among the 21 identified species of Aquilaria, the following are common in India:
  • Jati Sanchi (Preferred for commercial cultivation)
  • Bhola Sanchi
  • When naturally or artificially infected, these species develop the valuable resin known as Agarwood.
  • Aquilaria agallocha is a tall forest tree reaching up to 40 meters in height and 80 cm in diameter.
  • The heartwood becomes dark and resinous upon infection, producing the aromatic agarwood used in:
    • Perfumes and incense
    • High-end carvings and artifacts
  • Agarwood oil, obtained through steam distillation, is one of the world’s finest perfumery fixatives.
  • Different grades of oil are produced based on purity and aroma strength.
  • Applications:
    • Premium perfumes and attars
    • Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine
    • Anti-cancer therapy
    • Skincare and aromatherapy
  • Properties:
    • Safe for topical use
    • Generates positive energy
    • Used as a natural sedative and stress reliever
  • Agarwood forms when the Aquilaria tree undergoes mechanical injury or fungal infection, triggering the tree’s natural defense mechanism.
  • The tree secretes resin, which hardens around the wound over years, forming the fragrant agarwood heartwood.
  • One of the most expensive non-timber forest products worldwide.
  • Bark is used to make Sanchi Pat, a traditional writing paper for religious scriptures.
  • Widely used in perfumes, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
  • Rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds.
  • Traditional medicine benefits include:
    • Natural sedative and aphrodisiac
    • Digestive aid and pain reliever
    • Treatment for rheumatism, acne, and skin irritations
    • Relief from stress, depression, and anxiety (in aromatherapy)
  • Blends well with sandalwood, musk, saffron, and amber in perfumery.

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